lidbogatyrev y22lidbogatyrev 20260914 164 149 146 138 101 2 103 88 82 69 18 :!php ../../../../soosh/xml2mbz_overwrite_offline.php ~/www/moodle/public/sdata/inc_xml_mdl/course_log_lidbogatyrev_2026-1.xml !php ../../../../moosh/moosh.php course-restore --overwrite ../mbz_bup_offline/course_log_lidbogatyrev_2026-1.xml_2mdl.mbz 149 :!php ~/www/soosh/xml2mbz_overwrite_offline.php ~/www/ictnle.com3/sdata/inc_xml_mdl/course_log_lidbogatyrev_2025-3.xml :!php ../../../moosh/moosh.php course-restore --overwrite ../mbz_bup_offline/course_log_lidbogatyrev_2025-3.xml_2mdl.mbz 146 :!php ~/www/soosh/xml2mbz_update_onl.php ~/www/ictnle.com3/sdata/inc_xml_mdl/course_log_lidbogatyrev_2025-3.xml sbook_plugins/wordlist_generated_from_xml_clog_sbook_for_sbook_session.inc Lidia Bogatyrev lisamedova@gmail.com 1.76 / 1.78m tall b 1993 2 sisters raised by single mother (no aunts or uncles) after her father died in a fire at their home in the far east 33yo in 2026 mother 53 yo 2026 born when 20 sister 6 yr younger Azerbaijani father - taxi driver killed 20 yrs ago in Tinder gosuslugi Запрет на кредит Warning: chmod(): Permission denied in /home/hbpiodd/www/backup/util/helper/backup_helper.class.php on line 125 PHP Warning: chmod(): Permission denied in /home/hbpiodd/www/backup/util/helper/backup_helper.class.php on line 125 https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0077416/ The deer hunter w/ Robert de Niro Leaked plan to end US elections points to WW3. Stephen Fry. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lNfzRshsDjY 20260918 12:00-13:00 MSK | 11:00-12:00 CET 1 25 -25 + 150 = 125 euros tbc Unit 3 Employment law 7 By the end of this session you will have studied print

Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC Unit 3 Employment law pg 34 ex 3 writing pg 35 ex A B speaking → prepare the talks https://disk.yandex.ru/i/ZizL_EmymJeRUw

Zoom meeting details L.Bogatyrev - Duncan Potter's Zoom Meeting Meeting ID: 589 650 112 Password: 8XUPie https://us04web.zoom.us/j/589650112 ]]> Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC B2/C1 Unit 3 Employment law 95 ILEC exam practice: Speaking part 2 active textbook Speaking: part 2 pg 35 ex B Unfair dismissal Speaking: part 2 ]]> 94 ILEC exam practice active textbook Reading: part 5 Methodology: ILEC Speaking part 3 pg 36 speaking Advice when hiring staff Speaking: part 3 pg 37 writing part 1 Methodology: ILEC Listening part 2 pg 37 listening part 2 absolute_legal_english/absolute_legal_english_audio_files/absolute_legal_english_10.mp3 Listening: part 2 ]]> 93 active textbook 92 91 20260915 12:00-13:00 MSK | 11:00-12:00 CET 1 25 -25 + 175 = 150 euros active Unit 3 Employment law 6 By the end of this session you will have studied print

Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC Unit 3 Employment law pg 33 ex 3 role play → prepare the introductory session of a mediation pg 34 ex 1 reading pg 34 Letter from Jake Bennett https://disk.yandex.ru/i/ZizL_EmymJeRUw

Zoom meeting details L.Bogatyrev - Duncan Potter's Zoom Meeting Meeting ID: 589 650 112 Password: 8XUPie https://us04web.zoom.us/j/589650112 ]]> Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC B2/C1 Unit 3 Employment law 90 Summary of a mediation process active textbook What is the most difficult aspect about writing a mediation letter? ✓ convincing you are not biased Functional language: Writing the summary of a mediation process pg 34 ex 1 reading pg 34 Letter from Jake Bennett pg 34 ex 2 vocab pg 34 ex 3 writing T / Cl How do you deal with cases of unfair dismissal? ✓ look for patterns to show it is systemic ✓ gather forensic evidence from a variety of defendants ✓ make a common case against the litigant pg 35 ex 4 writing pg 35 extracts of employment issues ]]> 89 forensic = connected with the scientific tests used by the police when trying to solve a crime; connected with or used in a court of law 88 procedure in the court take legal action They must have ~~a strong point about this~~ tangible evidence of selling trade secrets ~~Historical~~ Historically black people have suffered from such discrimination They already know their rights and abuse ~~from it~~ of them ]]> 20260914 12:00-13:00 MSK | 11:00-12:00 CET 1 25 -25 + 200 = 175 euros active Unit 3 Employment law 5 By the end of this session you will have studied print

Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC Unit 3 Employment law pg 33 ex 2 A B vocab https://disk.yandex.ru/i/ZizL_EmymJeRUw

Zoom meeting details L.Bogatyrev - Duncan Potter's Zoom Meeting Meeting ID: 589 650 112 Password: 8XUPie https://us04web.zoom.us/j/589650112 ]]> Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC B2/C1 Unit 3 Employment law 87 Describing your job to stakeholders active textbook Why is it important to describe your job to stakeholders? ✓ delimit the scope of your services & competencies ✓ set your goals ✓ make it clear what decisions you can take ✓ share responsibilities Functional language: Describing your job pg 33 ex 1 speaking T / Cl Would you provide legal representation or advice pro bono? ✓ provide free legal representation or advice to individuals, charities, or low-income communities who cannot afford help Lexical material: Stages in a mediation T / Cl How can you probe into desired outcomes? 〆don't beat about the bush ✓ focus on interest & positions → ask open questions pg 33 ex 2 A B vocab T / Cl Why is venting so crucial in attempting to solve a conflict? ✓ need to achieve some emotional relief before taking important decisions → clear the air to discuss priorities & trade-offs Functional language: Preparing the introductory session of a mediation T / Cl Should your manager give you a dressing-down if you overreact to a colleague's remark about your work? ✓ you should learn not to always have a defensive stance = be open to criticism pg 33 ex 3 role play ]]> 86 pro bono = relating to work that is done, especially by a lawyer, without asking for payment to vent = to express strong negative emotions, like anger or frustration, or to allow air and gas to escape from a closed space to probe (into sth) = to ask questions in order to find out secret or hidden information about sb/sth to pull one's weight = to do your fair share of work that a group of people is doing together dressing-down = sharp, angry scolding or severe reprimand given to someone who has done something wrong outburst = sudden strong expression of an emotion 85 as easy as we had imagined ]]> 20260911 12:00-13:00 MSK | 11:00-12:00 CET 1 25 -25 + 225 = 200 euros active Unit 3 Employment law 4 By the end of this session you will have studied print

Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC Unit 3 Employment law pg 32 ex 4 vocab pg 33 ex 2 A B vocab https://disk.yandex.ru/i/ZizL_EmymJeRUw

Zoom meeting details L.Bogatyrev - Duncan Potter's Zoom Meeting Meeting ID: 589 650 112 Password: 8XUPie https://us04web.zoom.us/j/589650112 ]]> Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC B2/C1 Unit 3 Employment law 84 Describing your job to stakeholders active textbook Why is it important to describe your job to stakeholders? ✓ delimit the scope of your services & competencies ✓ set your goals ✓ make it clear what decisions you can take ✓ share responsibilities Functional language: Describing your job pg 33 ex 1 speaking T / Cl Would you provide legal representation or advice pro bono? ✓ provide free legal representation or advice to individuals, charities, or low-income communities who cannot afford help Lexical material: Stages in a mediation T / Cl How can you probe into desired outcomes? 〆don't beat about the bush ✓ focus on interest & positions → ask open questions pg 33 ex 2 A B vocab T / Cl Why is venting so crucial in attempting to solve a conflict? ✓ need to achieve some emotional relief before taking important decisions → clear the air to discuss priorities & trade-offs Functional language: Preparing the introductory session of a mediation pg 33 ex 3 role play pg 33 ex 2 A B vocab pg 33 ex 3 role play ]]> 83 pro bono = relating to work that is done, especially by a lawyer, without asking for payment to vent = to express strong negative emotions, like anger or frustration, or to allow air and gas to escape from a closed space to probe (into sth) = to ask questions in order to find out secret or hidden information about sb/sth 82 20260908 12:00-13:00 MSK | 11:00-12:00 CET 1 25 -25 + 250 = 225 euros active Unit 3 Employment law 3 By the end of this session you will have studied print

Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC Unit 3 Employment law pg 31 ex 4 vocab pg 31 ex 5 reading pg 31 extracts of conventions https://disk.yandex.ru/i/ZizL_EmymJeRUw

Zoom meeting details L.Bogatyrev - Duncan Potter's Zoom Meeting Meeting ID: 589 650 112 Password: 8XUPie https://us04web.zoom.us/j/589650112 ]]> Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC B2/C1 Unit 3 Employment law 81 Mediators of employment disputes active textbook How would you deal with employment disputes? ✓ identify an impartial mediator ✓ no vested interest in the outcome → help both parties understand each other = involves more psychological aspects pg 31 ex 1 listening pg 32 ex 2 3 listening absolute_legal_english/absolute_legal_english_audio_files/absolute_legal_english_9.mp3 T / Cl How challenging is it to be able to read people? ✓ extremely demanding ✓ cross cultural, social, economic and geopolitical understanding of both parties → understand where parties come from to reduce tensions Why do people fight for their case instead of resorting to mediation? ✓ unwilling to give up when they feel it is unfair and clear cut ✓ lack of room for manoeuvre ✓ no incentive to make concession → no belief in a mutually acceptable solution set for homework pg 32 ex 4 vocab ]]> 80 vested interest = personal reason for wanting sth to happen, especially because you get some advantage from it contempt of court = legal offence of disobeying a court order, showing disrespect to a judge, or disrupting the orderly administration of justice to reinstate = to give back a job or position that had been taken away from sb; to return sth to its previous position or status mutually = felt or done equally by two or more people momentum = ability to keep increasing or developing; force that is gained by movement 79 make them in that feeling change their stance / position If those conditions ~~would be~~ were set I need to listen carefully to both sides ]]> 20260907 12:00-13:00 MSK | 11:00-12:00 CET 1 25 -25 + 275 = 250 euros active Unit 3 Employment law 2 By the end of this session you will have studied print

Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC Unit 3 Employment law pg 28 ex 4 A B C vocab pg 30 ex 3 reading pg 30 Labour organisation conventions https://disk.yandex.ru/i/ZizL_EmymJeRUw

Zoom meeting details L.Bogatyrev - Duncan Potter's Zoom Meeting Meeting ID: 589 650 112 Password: 8XUPie https://us04web.zoom.us/j/589650112 ]]> Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC B2/C1 Unit 3 Employment law 78 International labour organisation conventions active textbook Do you believe the minimum age convention should be reviewed and lowered? ✓ today's younger generations become mature faster thanks to social media ✓ access to on-line banking & digital services makes teenagers grow independent quicker ✓ many teenagers already work as sales assistant in retail in the same way as students pg 30 ex 1 2 speaking pg 30 ex 3 reading pg 30 Labour organisation conventions Lexical material: Legalese T / Cl Would you be willing to relinquish your nationality by reason of immigration regulations? ✓ depends on target country for relocation set for homework pg 31 ex 4 vocab pg 31 ex 5 reading pg 31 extracts of conventions ]]> 77 abolition = ending of a law, a system or an institution forced labour = formal set of rules and guidelines established by a government, international body, or organisation to identify, prevent, and eliminate any work or service exacted from people against their will under the threat of a penalty to exact = to demand and get sth from sb to refrain = to stop yourself from doing sth, especially sth that you want to do to impede = to delay or stop the progress of sth, to hinder thereof = (formal or law) of the thing mentioned prejudice = unreasonable dislike of or PREFERENCE for a person, group, custom, etc., especially when it is based on their race, religion, sex, etc to relinquish = to stop having sth, especially when this happens unwillingly; to give up in respect of = concerning, regarding, or in connection with a particular subject by reason of = because of, due to notwithstanding = without being affected by sth; in spite of sth by consent of = giving official permission or agreement for something to happen provisions = conditions or an arrangement in a legal document; act of supplying sb with sth that they need or want; sth that is supplied to enjoy (legal context) = to have the right to to undertake = to make yourself responsible for sth and start doing it; to agree or promise that you will do sth to suppress = to prevent sth from growing, developing or continuing; to prevent yourself from having or expressing a feeling or an emotion; to put an end, often by force, to a group or an activity that is believed to threaten authority; to prevent sth from being published or made known recourse = fact of having to, or being able to, use sth that can provide help in a difficult situation hereto /ˈhɪəˈtu:/ = (law) to this hereinafter | hereafter = (in legal documents, etc.) in the rest of this document, from this time; in future 76 For 2 days I managed to read the book in 2 days As his previous ~~his~~ book How it could be look like ]]> inadequate /ɪnˈædɪkwɪt/ 20260904 12:00-13:00 MSK | 11:00-12:00 CET 1 25 -25 + 300 = 275 euros active Unit 3 Employment law By the end of this session you will have studied print

Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC Unit 2 Competition law pg 27 ex writing part 2 Unit 3 Employment law pg 28 ex 1 reading 1 pg 29 International labour law and employment law pg 28 ex 2 vocab https://disk.yandex.ru/i/ZizL_EmymJeRUw

Zoom meeting details L.Bogatyrev - Duncan Potter's Zoom Meeting Meeting ID: 589 650 112 Password: 8XUPie https://us04web.zoom.us/j/589650112 ]]> Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC B2/C1 Unit 3 Employment law 75 International labour law and employment law active textbook In which countries are employment laws more likely to protect employees? ✓ European Union ✓ stronger trade unions 〆difficulty in finding new jobs because regulations discourage making employees redundant 〆higher cost of social contributions 〆employment benefits & health care system don't encourage job seekers to get a new job quickly → social, moral contract risks being abused of pg 28 ex 1 lead in pg 28 ex 1 reading 1 pg 29 International labour law and employment law T / Cl To what extent is the notion of social justice well developed in your region? ✓ depends on government's political will to invest in improving equal rights → reduce age & gender discrimination pg 28 ex 2 vocab Lexical material: Employment law pg 28 ex 3 vocab Grammar: Verbs with stress on the third syllable from the end set for homework pg 28 ex 4 A B C vocab ]]> 74 entity = something that exists separately from other things and has its own identity backsliding = returning to old, often bad, habits, or to a worse condition notion = idea, a belief or an understanding of sth severance = act of ending a connection or relationship; act of ending sb's contract of employment to dismiss = to decide that sb/sth is not important and not worth thinking or talking about; to put thoughts or feelings out of your mind; to officially remove sb from their job; to send sb away or allow them to leave; to say that a trial or legal case should not continue, usually because there is not enough evidence 73 law legal differences ]]> scheme /ski:m/ 20260901 12:00-13:00 MSK | 11:00-12:00 CET 1 25 -25 + 325 = 300 euros active Exam practice reading part 2 By the end of this session you will have studied print

Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC Unit 2 Competition law pg 26 ex 1 reading part 2 https://disk.yandex.ru/i/ZizL_EmymJeRUw

Zoom meeting details L.Bogatyrev - Duncan Potter's Zoom Meeting Meeting ID: 589 650 112 Password: 8XUPie https://us04web.zoom.us/j/589650112 ]]> Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC B2/C1 Unit 2 Competition law 72 ILEC exam practice: Reading part 2 active textbook To what extent can the sharing of information among companies be in breach of competition law? ✓ when concerns prices = price-fixing pg 26 ex 1 reading part 2 Reading: part 2 T / Cl Feedback (1) didn't = 2nd conditional (4) these = close ≠ those ← remote (5) as well as = and → often used for emphasis or for style to avoid repetition (11) It is this exchange that is... = cleft sentence → used for emphasis Methodology: Speaking part 3 T / Cl Would you like to run a legal training programme? ✓ conduct presentations ✓ organise hands-on workshops Is imposing fines to achieve compliance enforceable? ✓ depends on political will pg 26 ex speaking part 3 Speaking: part 3 T / Cl Feedback 〆not enough relevant vocab recycled 〆B1 grammatical accuracy pg 27 ex writing part 2 pg 27 ex listening part 1 Listening: Part 1 extract 1 absolute_legal_english/absolute_legal_english_audio_files/absolute_legal_english_6.mp3 Listening: Part 1 extract 2 absolute_legal_english/absolute_legal_english_audio_files/absolute_legal_english_7.mp3 Listening: Part 1 extract 3 absolute_legal_english/absolute_legal_english_audio_files/absolute_legal_english_8.mp3 ]]> 71 enforceable = capable of being made effective, obeyed, or put into force, typically through legal action to grind to a halt = to slow down gradually and then stop completely abrupt = sudden and unexpected, often in an unpleasant way; speaking or acting in a way that seems unfriendly and rude; not taking time to say more than is necessary to gauge = to make a judgement about sth, especially people's feelings or attitudes; to measure sth accurately using a special instrument to justify = to show that sb/sth is right or reasonable; to give an explanation or excuse for sth or for doing sth OFT = office of fair trading 70 spill share | leak ]]> 20260831 12:00-13:00 MSK | 11:00-12:00 CET 1 25 -25 + 350 = 325 euros active Unit 2 Competition law 7 | Exam practice reading part 2 By the end of this session you will have studied print

Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC Unit 2 Competition law pg 24 ex 4 writing a memo (optional) pg 25 ex 2 writing pg 26 ex 1 reading part 2 https://disk.yandex.ru/i/ZizL_EmymJeRUw

Zoom meeting details L.Bogatyrev - Duncan Potter's Zoom Meeting Meeting ID: 589 650 112 Password: 8XUPie https://us04web.zoom.us/j/589650112 ]]> Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC B2/C1 Unit 2 Competition law 69 1 Writing pix/icons8-google-docs-96.png active external_url textbook ]]> 68 ILEC exam practice reading part 2 active textbook To what extent can the sharing of information among companies be in breach of competition law? ✓ when concerns prices = price-fixing pg 26 ex 1 reading part 2 Reading: part 2 T / Cl Feedback (1) didn't = 2nd conditional (4) these = close ≠ those ← remote (5) as well as = and → often used for emphasis or for style to avoid repetition (11) It is this exchange that is... = cleft sentence → used for emphasis Methodology: Speaking part 3 T / Cl Would you like to run a legal training programme? ✓ conduct presentations ✓ organise hands-on workshops Is imposing fines to achieve compliance enforceable? ✓ depends on political will pg 26 ex speaking part 3 Speaking: part 3 T / Cl Feedback 〆not enough relevant vocab recycled 〆B1 grammatical accuracy pg 27 ex writing part 2 pg 27 ex listening part 1 Listening: Part 1 extract 1 absolute_legal_english/absolute_legal_english_audio_files/absolute_legal_english_6.mp3 Listening: Part 1 extract 2 absolute_legal_english/absolute_legal_english_audio_files/absolute_legal_english_7.mp3 Listening: Part 1 extract 3 absolute_legal_english/absolute_legal_english_audio_files/absolute_legal_english_8.mp3 ]]> 67 enforceable = capable of being made effective, obeyed, or put into force, typically through legal action to grind to a halt = to slow down gradually and then stop completely abrupt = sudden and unexpected, often in an unpleasant way; speaking or acting in a way that seems unfriendly and rude; not taking time to say more than is necessary to gauge = to make a judgement about sth, especially people's feelings or attitudes; to measure sth accurately using a special instrument to justify = to show that sb/sth is right or reasonable; to give an explanation or excuse for sth or for doing sth OFT = office of fair trading 66 sew sue cruise companies ~~on the~~ in court immediately If sufficient evidence ~~would be~~ was | were found we would consider taking legal action. If they ~~would take~~ took action ]]> 20260828 12:00-13:00 MSK | 11:00-12:00 CET 1 25 -25 + 375 = 350 euros active Unit 2 Competition law 6 By the end of this session you will have studied print

Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC Unit 2 Competition law pg 23 ex 6 A vocab pg 23 ex 6 B writing https://disk.yandex.ru/i/ZizL_EmymJeRUw

Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC Unit 2 Competition law https://disk.yandex.ru/i/ZizL_EmymJeRUw

Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC Unit 2 Competition law pg 20 ex 2 3 reading pg 21 Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, France https://disk.yandex.ru/i/ZizL_EmymJeRUw

Zoom meeting details L.Bogatyrev - Duncan Potter's Zoom Meeting Meeting ID: 589 650 112 Password: 8XUPie https://us04web.zoom.us/j/589650112 ]]> Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC B2/C1 Unit 2 Competition law 59 Statutory market share thresholds active textbook How can you assert a venture is dominant and therefore in breach of competition law? ✓ check compliance with a statutory market share threshold Swiss banks are [presumed | deemed] to be reliable ✓ deemed = considered pg 20 ex 1 speaking pg 20 ex 2 3 reading pg 21 Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, France pg 21 ex 4 speaking T / Cl Are American companies more competitive and therefore more likely to have a monopolist attitude? American companies face intense market pressure to grow, which often leads to dominant market positions and increased government scrutiny over monopolies. Why US Companies Seek Dominance Large Domestic Market: The US offers a massive single market. Successful firms can scale up quickly before expanding globally. Focus on Profits: American business culture rewards high returns and rapid growth. This pushes companies to outcompete rivals aggressively. Winner-Take-All Sectors: Technology and digital platforms favour networks where a single company captures most of the users. The Link Between Competition and Monopolies Aggressive Rivalry: Fierce competition helps strong companies beat smaller rivals and grow very large. Barriers to Entry: Winning companies sometimes use their vast wealth to buy up smaller startups or block new competitors. Oligopoly Common: Many US industries are controlled by a small group of giant firms rather than just one absolute monopoly. Government Control The US government uses strict antitrust laws to stop unfair business practices. Groups like the Federal Trade Commission watch large mergers and big tech companies to protect consumer choice. Why would companies want to share a market with other players? Companies share a market with other players because it helps them grow, lowers costs, and makes the whole industry stronger. Benefits of Sharing a Market Grow the Market Size: Competitors work together to teach people about a new product type. This makes the total market bigger for everyone. Share High Costs: Companies share the high price of building new technology or doing research. This lowers the risk for each business. Set Industry Standards: Rivals agree on common rules or formats so customers trust the products more. Keep Prices Stable: Competing fairly stops price wars that can ruin profits for all businesses involved. Encourage Better Quality: Competition pushes companies to improve their products and work harder. ]]> 58 to presume = to suppose that sth is true, although you do not have actual proof; to assume to deem = to have a particular opinion about sth; to consider undertaking = task or project, especially one that is important and/or difficult, venture; agreement or a promise to do sth dominant undertaking = business with most control of the market 57 not much don't care much about reputation It looks ~~like~~ strange ]]> 20260821 12:00-13:00 MSK | 11:00-12:00 CET 1 25 -25 + 150 = 125 euros active Unit 2 Competition law 3 By the end of this session you will have studied print

Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC Unit 2 Competition law pg 19 ex 4 vocab pg 20 ex 2 3 reading pg 21 Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, France https://disk.yandex.ru/i/ZizL_EmymJeRUw

Zoom meeting details L.Bogatyrev - Duncan Potter's Zoom Meeting Meeting ID: 589 650 112 Password: 8XUPie https://us04web.zoom.us/j/589650112 ]]> Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC B2/C1 Unit 2 Competition law 56 Statutory market share thresholds active textbook How can you assert a venture is dominant and therefore in breach of competition law? ✓ check compliance with a statutory market share threshold Swiss banks are [presumed | deemed] to be reliable ✓ deemed = considered pg 20 ex 1 speaking pg 20 ex 2 3 reading pg 21 Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, France ]]> 55 to presume = to suppose that sth is true, although you do not have actual proof; to assume to deem = to have a particular opinion about sth; to consider undertaking = task or project, especially one that is important and/or difficult, venture; agreement or a promise to do sth dominant undertaking = business with most control of the market 54 my feeling ear If I ~~would be~~ were some kind of para legal specialist I didn't understand ~~nothing~~ anything ]]> 20260818 12:00-13:00 MSK | 11:00-12:00 CET 1 25 -25 + 175 = 150 euros active Unit 2 Competition law 2 By the end of this session you will have studied print

Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC Unit 2 Competition law pg 19 ex 2 vocab pg 20 ex 2 3 reading pg 21 Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, France https://disk.yandex.ru/i/ZizL_EmymJeRUw

Zoom meeting details L.Bogatyrev - Duncan Potter's Zoom Meeting Meeting ID: 589 650 112 Password: 8XUPie https://us04web.zoom.us/j/589650112 ]]> Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC B2/C1 Unit 2 Competition law 53 Language work active textbook What is evidence of predatory pricing? ✓ some laws prohibit setting prices below cost to drive out rivals and create a monopoly e.g. Sherman Act, Clayton Act → need to find evidence of the following... ✓ below-cost sales → company must price its goods or services below an appropriate measure of its own costs ✓ intent to monopolize → clear goal must be eliminating competitors to build market power ✓ dangerous probability of success → must be a realistic chance the plan will succeed ✓ recoupment of losses → firm must be able to raise prices later to high monopoly levels and recover the money lost during the price drop pg 19 ex 2 vocab T / Cl How did the Russian government address price gouging (rather than predatory pricing) in the 90s? predatory pricing = anti-competitive business strategy where a dominant company sets its product or service prices below production costs. The main goal is to force rival companies out of business, stop new competitors from entering the market, and build a monopoly price gouging = practice of charging unfairly high prices for essential goods or services, usually during a crisis, emergency, or natural disaster. Sellers do this when buyers have few choices and urgent needs, such as raising the price of bottled water, food, gas, or medicine after a major storm. While prices can rise when items are rare, gouging crosses the line into extreme, exploitative pricing during a crisis ✓ temporary caps and state distribution markup limits (often capped around 25% to 45%) ✓ kept on a small basket of essential goods—such as specific types of bread, milk, baby food, utilities, and public transport Why did the Russian government abolish state price controls? Instead of fighting price spikes with traditional anti-gouging laws, the Russian government under Boris Yeltsin and Yegor Gaidar radically addressed severe shortages by abolishing state price controls on January 2, 1992. This "shock therapy" policy meant prices were left to rise to market levels, which immediately ended empty shelves but triggered massive inflation. → Shifts in Government Price Policy ✓ price liberalization (1992) The state lifted price limits on roughly 80% of retail goods and 90% of wholesale goods to let supply and demand balance the market instead of government rationing ✓ re-imposing Partial Controls (1993) Amid public outcry and hyperinflation, the government briefly restored profit margins and price ceilings on a short list of basic food staples (like milk, bread, and sugar) and vodka ✓ anti-Monopoly Regulation The government relied on a newly formed Anti-Monopoly Committee to penalize unfair corporate pricing power, though it struggled against entrenched, former state-owned monopolies ✓ voluntary Price Caps (Late 1990s) During later crunches, such as after the 1998 financial crash, the government occasionally pressured major producers (like oil and grain companies) into voluntary agreements to cap domestic price hikes in exchange for tax leniency → Dealing with Inflation and Profiteering ✓ monetary policy shifts Rather than policing individual sellers for high prices or "gouging," the government tried to control soaring costs macroactively by tightening the money supply, cutting state budgets, and attempting fiscal stabilization ✓ shift to competition Officials viewed high prices not as illegal gouging by bad actors, but as the natural result of severe monopolies and printed money. The policy solution relied on privatizing state enterprises and opening trade to foster internal competition, though this process frequently devolved into chaotic crony capitalism pg 19 ex 3 A B C vocab Grammar: So vs such set for homework pg 19 ex 4 vocab pg 19 ex 5 speaking ]]> 52 20260821-1220 20241206-1252 So / such... that... active grammar 51 price gouging = practice of charging unfairly high prices for essential goods or services, usually during a crisis, emergency, or natural disaster. Sellers do this when buyers have few choices and urgent needs, such as raising the price of bottled water, food, gas, or medicine after a major storm. While prices can rise when items are rare, gouging crosses the line into extreme, exploitative pricing during a crisis predatory pricing = anti-competitive business strategy where a dominant company sets its product or service prices below production costs. The main goal is to force rival companies out of business, stop new competitors from entering the market, and build a monopoly recoupment (AmEn) = getting back money you spent, lost, or overpaid. It is the act of recovering an investment or paying someone back. The word has different meanings in business, law, and entertainment breach = failure to do sth that must be done by law; action that breaks an agreement to behave in a particular way crony capitalism = economic system where business success depends on close, corrupt ties between business leaders and government officials. Instead of competing in a fair free market, favoured companies thrive through special tax breaks, subsidies, grants, or rigged regulations granted by political allies to contravene = to do sth that is not allowed by a law or rule such = of the type already mentioned, of the type that you are just going to mention; used to emphasize the great degree of sth 50 measurements measures to protect businesses ]]> 20260817 12:00-13:00 MSK | 11:00-12:00 CET 1 25 -25 + 200 = 175 euros active Unit 2 Competition law 1 By the end of this session you will have studied print

Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC (rescheduled from previous lesson) Unit 1 Intellectual property pg 17 writing a memorandum Unit 2 Competition law pg 18 ex 1 reading Competition law pg 19 ex 2 vocab https://disk.yandex.ru/i/ZizL_EmymJeRUw

Zoom meeting details L.Bogatyrev - Duncan Potter's Zoom Meeting Meeting ID: 589 650 112 Password: 8XUPie https://us04web.zoom.us/j/589650112 ]]> Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC B2/C1 Unit 2 Competition law 49 1 Writing a memorandum pix/icons8-google-docs-96.png active external_url textbook ~ 40min Dear xyz As I will be working abroad for the next six months, I am handing this case to you. Our client, Van Cleef & Arpels, is involved in a dispute with a large jewellery retail chain. The retailer is selling inexpensive jewellery which appears to copy Van Cleef’s clover logo and designs from its recent spring collection ladybags. The copies are sold at around ten times cheaper than the original price. Our client is concerned that these products may confuse customers and damage the reputation and exclusivity of the brand. So far, we have collected photographs and screenshots of the products from the retailer’s website and stores. We have also compared them with the original Van Cleef & Arpels designs. The copied jewellery appears to be derived from the client’s designs, and the retailer doesn't have permission to use them. I have already sent a pre-action letter to the retail chain informing them that we are aware of the copying and requesting that they stop producing any new items based on our client’s designs. If the retailer does not comply with our request, the client may take legal action for trademark, copyright and design infringement. Possible remedies include an injunction and damages. After receiving the retailer's response, please review documents and decide whether we should negotiate a settlement or prepare for legal proceedings. Yours sincerely, ]]> 48 injunction = (against sb) an official order given by a court of law which demands that sth must or must not be done; warning or an order from sb in authority 47 Competition law active textbook What would happen if competition was not regulated? 〆monopolies 〆unfair competition among businesses 〆little choice for consumers 〆probably higher costs Are anti-monopoly agencies in the Russian Federation exposed to much corruption? 〆tedious bureaucracy & often unrealistic demands justify bribing as a faster workaround to get down to business ✓ public exposure & whistle blowers are becoming stronger (...) pg 18 lead in Lexical material: Free trade, anticompetitive practices, antitrust law pg 18 ex 1 reading Competition law T / Cl Do smaller enterprises really need to know of competition law? ✓ they can protect themselves against bigger companies (...) Are consequences of breaching competition law for tycoons actually an issue? ✓ if some anti-monopoly agency decided to split a monopoly into smaller entities set for homework pg 19 ex 2 vocab ]]> 46 whistle blower = person who informs people in authority or the public that the company they work for is doing sth wrong or illegal competition law (BrEn) | antitrust law (AmEn) = laws and regulations designed to promote fair competition in business, prevent the formation of monopolies, and stop companies from engaging in unfair practices like price-fixing to gouge /ɡaudʒ/ (in sth) = to make a hole or cut in sth with a sharp object in a rough or violent way; (AmE) to force sb to pay an unfairly high price for sth; to raise prices unfairly unenforceable (on / against sb/sth) = when you can't make sure that people obey a particular law or rule to assert = to state clearly and firmly that sth is true; ~ yourself to behave in a confident and determined way so that other people pay attention to your opinions; to make other people recognize your right or authority to do sth, by behaving firmly and confidently cartel = group of separate companies that agree to increase profits by fixing prices and not competing with each other 45 20260814 12:00-13:00 MSK | 11:00-12:00 CET 1 25 -25 + 225 = 200 euros active ILEC exam practice | Unit 2 Competition law By the end of this session you will have studied print

Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC Unit 1 Intellectual property pg 15 ex 5 6 writing pg 16 part 1 - reading if time available pg 17 writing a memorandum https://disk.yandex.ru/i/ZizL_EmymJeRUw

Zoom meeting details L.Bogatyrev - Duncan Potter's Zoom Meeting Meeting ID: 589 650 112 Password: 8XUPie https://us04web.zoom.us/j/589650112 ]]> Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC B2/C1 Unit 2 Competition law 44 Competition law active textbook What would happen if competition was not regulated? 〆monopolies 〆unfair competition among businesses 〆little choice for consumers 〆probably higher costs Are anti-monopoly agencies in the Russian Federation exposed to much corruption? 〆tedious bureaucracy & often unrealistic demands justify bribing as a faster workaround to get down to business ✓ public exposure & whistle blowers are becoming stronger (...) pg 18 lead in Lexical material: Free trade, anticompetitive practices, antitrust law pg 18 ex 1 reading Competition law T / Cl Do smaller enterprises really need to know of competition law? ✓ they can protect themselves against bigger companies (...) Are consequences of breaching competition law for tycoons actually an issue? ✓ if some anti-monopoly agency decided to split a monopoly into smaller entities set for homework pg 19 ex 2 vocab ]]> 43 whistle blower = person who informs people in authority or the public that the company they work for is doing sth wrong or illegal competition law (BrEn) | antitrust law (AmEn) = laws and regulations designed to promote fair competition in business, prevent the formation of monopolies, and stop companies from engaging in unfair practices like price-fixing to gouge /ɡaudʒ/ (in sth) = to make a hole or cut in sth with a sharp object in a rough or violent way; (AmE) to force sb to pay an unfairly high price for sth; to raise prices unfairly unenforceable (on / against sb/sth) = when you can't make sure that people obey a particular law or rule to assert = to state clearly and firmly that sth is true; ~ yourself to behave in a confident and determined way so that other people pay attention to your opinions; to make other people recognize your right or authority to do sth, by behaving firmly and confidently cartel = group of separate companies that agree to increase profits by fixing prices and not competing with each other 42 20260811 12:00-13:00 MSK | 11:00-12:00 CET 1 25 -25 + 250 = 225 euros active ILEC exam practice By the end of this session you will have studied print

Zoom meeting details L.Bogatyrev - Duncan Potter's Zoom Meeting Meeting ID: 589 650 112 Password: 8XUPie https://us04web.zoom.us/j/589650112 ]]> Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC B2/C1 Unit 1 Intellectual property 41 ILEC exam practice active textbook Can you tell when a mistake has to do with grammar, vocab or register? 〆big ← too informal → huge 〆large ← wrong collocation for describing how popular it is → widespread, common 〆great ← not a collocation, not as adequate as 'major' Methodology: ILEC exam practice T / Cl Advantages of this solution [outweigh | overcome] the disadvantages ✓ outweigh = collocation pg 16 part 1 - reading Reading: part 1 pg 16 part 2 - speaking Speaking: part 2 pg 17 part 3 - listening absolute_legal_english/absolute_legal_english_audio_files/absolute_legal_english_3.mp3 Listening: part 3 set for homework pg 17 writing a memorandum ]]> 40 to outweigh = to be greater or more important than sth to overcome = to succeed in dealing with or controlling a problem that has been preventing you from achieving sth otherwise = used to state what the result would be if sth did not happen or if the situation were different contentious = (formal) likely to cause disagreement between people to circulate = when a liquid, gas, or air circulates or is circulated, it moves continuously around a place or system; if a story, an idea, information, etc. circulates or if you circulate it, it spreads or it is passed from one person to another to scatter = to throw or drop things in different directions so that they cover an area of ground to derive = to get sth from sth to signify = to be a sign of sth; to mean sth; to do sth to make your feelings, intentions, etc. known; (usually used in questions or negative sentences) to be important or to matter to denote = to be a sign of sth; to indicate to cite = to mention sth as a reason or an example, or in order to support what you are saying, to quote deterrent (to sb/sth) = thing that makes sb less likely to do sth catwalk = long stage that models walk on during a fashion show liability = state of being legally responsible for sth 39 20260810 12:00-13:00 MSK | 11:00-12:00 CET 1 25 -25 + 275 = 250 euros active Intellectual property 6 By the end of this session you will have studied print

Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC Unit 1 Intellectual property pg 14 ex 2 C writing https://disk.yandex.ru/i/ZizL_EmymJeRUw

Zoom meeting details L.Bogatyrev - Duncan Potter's Zoom Meeting Meeting ID: 589 650 112 Password: 8XUPie https://us04web.zoom.us/j/589650112 ]]> Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC B2/C1 Unit 1 Intellectual property 38 Writing a letter active textbook How often do you write a letter further to a phone call? ✓ to make sure all details are well understood ✓ if your situation is at stake pg 14 ex 1 speaking pg 14 ex 2 A B writing pg 14 ex 2 C writing Functional language: Writing a letter prior to going to court T / Cl When you inform someone of a breach, you start with [informing who you represent | the background] ✓ informing who you represent pg 15 ex 3 writing pg 15 ex 4 writing T / Cl Do you believe this case is a single incident due to employee professional misconduct? ✓ Five-Star Document Services should admit their wrongdoing to avoid reputational damage → strive to reach a settlement out of court set for homework pg 15 ex 5 6 writing ]]> 37 1 Writing pix/icons8-hand-with-pen-100_white.png active wip prep_2columns_2qa edit_2columns_2qa deadline: 20240221 --> ]]> 36 further to = following (e.g. our conversation) to compile = to produce a book, list, report, etc. by bringing together different items, articles, songs, etc excerpt = short piece of writing, music, film, etc. taken from a longer whole at stake = if something that is valuable is at stake, it is in a situation where it might be lost to resort = to make use of sth, especially sth bad, as a means of achieving sth, often because there is no other possible solution; обращение за помощью; спасительное средство to denunciate = to publicly condemn, criticize, or accuse someone or something of wrongdoing. It has the exact same meaning as the more common word denounce, though it is used less frequently in everyday speech 35 do as much as we could before going to court? Perhaps an employee did that without ~~force above~~ management approval Nowadays ~~many~~ much information is located on the internet Remedies, it's ~~money losses~~ financial penalties | fines ]]> various /'veri:əs/ 20260807 12:00-13:00 MSK | 11:00-12:00 CET 1 25 -25 + 300 = 275 euros active Intellectual property 5 By the end of this session you will have studied print

Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. The Business 2.0 Upper Intermediate Unit 2 Information pg 27 ex 5 6 expanding notes the_business_upper_intermediate_2_0_students_book_pg22-27_information_technology_the_IT_fallacy_comparative_superlative.pdf smartphone or tablet device

Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC Unit 1 Intellectual property pg 12 ex 6 A C vocab https://disk.yandex.ru/i/ZizL_EmymJeRUw

Zoom meeting details L.Bogatyrev - Duncan Potter's Zoom Meeting Meeting ID: 589 650 112 Password: 8XUPie https://us04web.zoom.us/j/589650112 ]]> Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC B2/C1 Unit 1 Intellectual property 34 Role play active textbook Would you agree to talk a problem through on the phone rather than face to face? ✓ depends on how urgent it is Can you go ahead with a project without being given a quote for the service? ✓ systematically request an estimate even if regular partners pg 13 ex 1 speaking Functional language: Advising, explaining, showing concern T / Cl In your position, I would... [advice | showing concern] ✓ advice pg 13 ex 2 A vocab pg 13 ex 3 role play T / Cl Would this be an expensive case to defend? 〆probably not Should you settle this out of court? (...) ]]> 33 to look into the matter = to find out the facts about; examine; study; inspect gist = main or general meaning of a piece of writing, a speech or a conversation to talk sth through = to discuss sth thoroughly until you are sure you understand it to be much obliged = (formal) used when you are expressing thanks or asking politely for sth, to show that you are grateful to sb, e.g. I would be much obliged further to = following (e.g. our conversation) 32 to make up 2 areas look ~~like~~ bulkier in the middle of a room ~~to divide~~ than curtains ~~Clearancy~~ Transparency is the most important thing ]]> 20260804 12:00-13:00 MSK | 11:00-12:00 CET 1 25 -25 + 325 = 300 euros active Intellectual property 4 By the end of this session you will have studied print

Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC Unit 1 Intellectual property pg 11 ex 10 research → find 2-3 examples → prepare a mini presentation → recycle expressions from pg 11 ex 9 Useful language https://disk.yandex.ru/i/ZizL_EmymJeRUw

Zoom meeting details L.Bogatyrev - Duncan Potter's Zoom Meeting Meeting ID: 589 650 112 Password: 8XUPie https://us04web.zoom.us/j/589650112 ]]> Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC B2/C1 Unit 1 Intellectual property 31 Listening active textbook Should clients send details of their problems before meeting their lawyers? ✓ probably yes → lawyers need to estimate their fees (...) Would you give advice over the phone? 〆might be held responsible for suggesting wrong decisions due to lack of more background information ✓ solicitors may follow up a phone call by e-mail (...) pg 12 ex 1 2 speaking pg 12 ex 3 speaking pg 12 ex 4 5 listening absolute_legal_english/absolute_legal_english_audio_files/absolute_legal_english_2.mp3 Lexical material: Exchanges between a client and lawyer (giving an outline, looking into the matter, talking it through...) T / Cl Which do you do first? [give a quick outline | talk it through] ✓ give a quick outline set for homework pg 12 ex 6 A B C vocab ]]> 30 to look into the matter = to find out the facts about; examine; study; inspect gist = main or general meaning of a piece of writing, a speech or a conversation to talk sth through = to discuss sth thoroughly until you are sure you understand it to be much obliged = (formal) used when you are expressing thanks or asking politely for sth, to show that you are grateful to sb, e.g. I would be much obliged further to = following (e.g. our conversation) 29 corporation (← group of companies) cooperation (collaboration) among countries ]]> 20260803 12:00-13:00 MSK | 11:00-12:00 CET 1 25 200 20260730 -25 + 150 +200 = 325 euros active Intellectual property 3 By the end of this session you will have studied print

Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC Unit 1 Intellectual property pg 10 ex 6 reading pg 11 Industrial property vs copyright https://disk.yandex.ru/i/ZizL_EmymJeRUw

Zoom meeting details L.Bogatyrev - Duncan Potter's Zoom Meeting Meeting ID: 589 650 112 Password: 8XUPie https://us04web.zoom.us/j/589650112 ]]> Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC B2/C1 Unit 1 Intellectual property 28 Industrial property vs copyright active textbook How long should inventions be protected? What does it depend on? ✓ depends on ROI (return on investment) e.g. pharmaceutical groups may need longer terms to cover their R&D costs pg 10 ex 5 reading pg 10 ex 6 reading pg 11 Industrial property vs copyright pg 11 ex 7 vocab pg 11 ex 8 pronunciation T / Cl Will foreign direct investment continue in Russia if patents are ignored? 〆probably not pg 11 ex 9 speaking pg 11 useful language pg 11 ex 10 research ]]> 27 to ensure = to make sure, to guarantee dissemination = diffusion and opening of a subject to widespread discussion and debate statutory /ˈstætjutərɪ/ = fixed by law; that must be done by law to enact /ɪˈnækt/ = to pass a law; (formal) to take place fair trade = trade that satisfies certain criteria on the supply chain of the goods involved, usually including fair payment for producers; often with other social and environmental considerations; этичная торговля, означающая, что все, участвующие в производстве товара с такой наклейкой, получили за свой труд т.н. "честную зарплату", т.е. что это не был рабский труд thereby = used to introduce the result of the action or situation mentioned, by that means, as a result of that; таким образом (Баян); посредством этого; тем самым; вследствие этого distinct /dɪsˈtɪŋkt/ = clearly different or of a different kind designation = action of choosing a person or thing for a particular purpose, or of giving them or it a particular status disclosure = act of making sth known or public that was previously secret or private remedy = way of dealing with or improving an unpleasant or difficult situation; treatment or medicine to cure a disease or reduce pain that is not very serious; (against sth) (law) a way of dealing with a problem, using the processes of the law infringement = act of breaking a law or rule 26 me myself The embassy must ~~response~~ respond before the 11 th ]]> author /ˈɔ:θə/ legislation /ˌledʒɪsˈleɪʃən/ 20260717 12:00-13:00 MSK | 11:00-12:00 CET 1 25 -25 + 175 = 150 euros active Intellectual property 2 By the end of this session you will have studied print

Zoom meeting details L.Bogatyrev - Duncan Potter's Zoom Meeting Meeting ID: 589 650 112 Password: 8XUPie https://us04web.zoom.us/j/589650112 ]]> Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC B2/C1 Unit 1 Intellectual property 25 Intellectual property active textbook Would the world be a better place if everything could be shared and adapted to your needs? 〆may feel unfair → reasonable to pay for hard work ✓ investments in research & development need to be rewarded pg 10 lead in pg 10 ex 1 reading Lexical material: Intellectual property pg 10 ex 2 3 vocab pg 10 ex 4 speaking T / Cl If you want to make some copies of a book, you should obtain [authors' rights | copyright]? ✓ copyright set for homework pg 10 ex 5 reading pg 11 Industrial property vs copyright pg 10 ex 6 reading qs 1 -2 ]]> 24 to ensure = to make sure, to guarantee dissemination = diffusion and opening of a subject to widespread discussion and debate statutory /ˈstætjutərɪ/ = fixed by law; that must be done by law to enact /ɪˈnækt/ = to pass a law; (formal) to take place fair trade = trade that satisfies certain criteria on the supply chain of the goods involved, usually including fair payment for producers; often with other social and environmental considerations; этичная торговля, означающая, что все, участвующие в производстве товара с такой наклейкой, получили за свой труд т.н. "честную зарплату", т.е. что это не был рабский труд thereby = used to introduce the result of the action or situation mentioned, by that means, as a result of that; таким образом (Баян); посредством этого; тем самым; вследствие этого distinct /dɪsˈtɪŋkt/ = clearly different or of a different kind designation = action of choosing a person or thing for a particular purpose, or of giving them or it a particular status disclosure = act of making sth known or public that was previously secret or private infringement = act of breaking a law or rule 23 20260713 10:30-11:30 MSK 1 25 150 20260710 -25 + 50 +150 = 175 euros active ABSOLUTE LEGAL ENGLISH, ILEC | Intellectual property By the end of this session you will have studied print

Zoom meeting details L.Bogatyrev - Duncan Potter's Zoom Meeting Meeting ID: 589 650 112 Password: 8XUPie https://us04web.zoom.us/j/589650112 ]]> Absolute Legal English, Cambridge Prep for ILEC B2/C1 Unit 1 Intellectual property 22 Intellectual property active textbook Would the world be a better place if everything could be shared and adapted to your needs? 〆may feel unfair → reasonable to pay for hard work ✓ investments in research & development need to be rewarded pg 10 lead in pg 10 ex 1 reading Lexical material: Intellectual property pg 10 ex 2 3 vocab pg 10 ex 4 speaking T / Cl If you want to make some copies of a book, you should obtain [authors' rights | copyright]? ✓ copyright set for homework pg 10 ex 5 reading pg 11 Industrial property vs copyright pg 10 ex 6 reading qs 1 -2 ]]> 21 to ensure = to make sure, to guarantee dissemination = diffusion and opening of a subject to widespread discussion and debate statutory /ˈstætjutərɪ/ = fixed by law; that must be done by law to enact /ɪˈnækt/ = to pass a law; (formal) to take place fair trade = trade that satisfies certain criteria on the supply chain of the goods involved, usually including fair payment for producers; often with other social and environmental considerations; этичная торговля, означающая, что все, участвующие в производстве товара с такой наклейкой, получили за свой труд т.н. "честную зарплату", т.е. что это не был рабский труд thereby = used to introduce the result of the action or situation mentioned, by that means, as a result of that; таким образом (Баян); посредством этого; тем самым; вследствие этого distinct /dɪsˈtɪŋkt/ = clearly different or of a different kind designation = action of choosing a person or thing for a particular purpose, or of giving them or it a particular status disclosure = act of making sth known or public that was previously secret or private infringement = act of breaking a law or rule 20 protect protected ]]> 20260710 10:30-11:30 MSK 1 25 -25 + 75 = 50 euros active Expanding notes By the end of this session you will have studied print

Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. The Business 2.0 Upper Intermediate Unit 2 Information pg 27 ex 5 expanding notes the_business_upper_intermediate_2_0_students_book_pg22-27_information_technology_the_IT_fallacy_comparative_superlative.pdf

    means     cost    time   comfort  carbon   total
of transport                        footprint           
------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+--------
car         |      |      |      |      |   
bus         |      |      |      |      |   
train       |      |      |      |      |   
speedboat   |      |      |      |      |              


car         |   2   |   5   |   5   |   2   |   14
bus         |   5   |   3   |   3   |   3   |   14
train       |   3   |   2   |   2   |   5   |   12
speedboat   |   1   |   1   |   4   |   1   |    7

pg 27 ex 5 6 expanding notes pg 27 ex 7 comparative forms ]]> 18 marginally = in a minimal degree infinitely = continuing forever without end to be better off = to be in a better condition patch = short set of commands to correct a bug in a computer program plug-in = software component that adds a specific feature to an existing computer program. When a program supports plug-ins, it enables customization. The common examples are the plug-ins used in web browsers to add new features such as search-engines to keep someone in the loop on sth = to keep sb informed about updates to keep sb posted = in the loop to fill sb in on sth = to give sb details on sth car-ferry = boat that transports cars bed and breakfast = (BrE) a service that provides a room to sleep in and a meal the next morning in private houses and small hotels carbon footprint = way of measuring the environmental impact of human activity to mind (doing sth) = to object to doing sth charter flight = privately arranged trip where an individual, company, or group hires an entire aircraft to fly on a customized schedule, rather than purchasing individual seats on a standard commercial airline appalled = feeling or showing horror or disgust at sth unpleasant or wrong 17 more as boring as coach tours The speedboat is as ~~polluted~~ polluting as the car ]]> 20260709 12:00-13:00 MSK | 11:00-12:00 CET 1 25 -25 + 100 = 75 euros active Comparing solutions By the end of this session you will have studied print

Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. The Business 2.0 Upper Intermediate Unit 2 Information pg 25 ex 9 paraphrasing the_business_upper_intermediate_2_0_students_book_pg22-27_information_technology_the_IT_fallacy_comparative_superlative.pdf

Zoom meeting details L.Bogatyrev - Duncan Potter's Zoom Meeting Meeting ID: 589 650 112 Password: 8XUPie https://us04web.zoom.us/j/589650112 ]]> The Business Upper Intermediate 2.0 B2 Unit 2.2 Information systems and communication 16 20220215-1114 Comparative and superlative forms active grammar 15 2 Comparative and superlative active pix/icons8-collaboration-100_white.png deck_shuffled_lines_halign

1) short adjectives er/est

2) adjectives ending with consonant + vowel + consonant er/est

3) adjectives ending with y ier | iest

4) longer forms more the | the most

5) irregular forms

]]> 14 1 Comparative forms the... the... active wip deck_shuffled_monochrome deck_of_phrases_comparative_forms_the_the_b2_02.csv 13 20211014-1707 Grammar practice: Comparative & superlative forms B1 02 active review 12 20211014-1708 Grammar practice: Comparative & superlative forms B2 02 active review 11 Language focus active textbook pg 26 ex 3 grammar pg 26 ex 4 discussion & presentation

    means     cost    time   comfort  carbon   total
of transport                        footprint           
------------+-------+-------+-------+-------+--------
car         |   2   |   5   |   5   |   2   |   14
bus         |   5   |   3   |   3   |   3   |   14
train       |   3   |   2   |   2   |   5   |   12
speedboat   |   1   |   1   |   4   |   1   |    7

pg 27 ex 5 6 expanding notes pg 27 ex 7 comparative forms ]]> 10 marginally = in a minimal degree infinitely = continuing forever without end to be better off = to be in a better condition patch = short set of commands to correct a bug in a computer program plug-in = software component that adds a specific feature to an existing computer program. When a program supports plug-ins, it enables customization. The common examples are the plug-ins used in web browsers to add new features such as search-engines to keep someone in the loop on sth = to keep sb informed about updates to keep sb posted = in the loop to fill sb in on sth = to give sb details on sth car-ferry = boat that transports cars bed and breakfast = (BrE) a service that provides a room to sleep in and a meal the next morning in private houses and small hotels carbon footprint = way of measuring the environmental impact of human activity to mind (doing sth) = to object to doing sth charter flight = privately arranged trip where an individual, company, or group hires an entire aircraft to fly on a customized schedule, rather than purchasing individual seats on a standard commercial airline 9 than as taxis Charter flights are more useful because of they are cheaper Motorways are a lot ~~safier~~ safer than country roads ]]> 20260706 12:00-13:00 MSK | 11:00-12:00 CET 1 25 -25 + 125 = 100 euros active Giving information, describing better & worse solutions (2/2) By the end of this session you will have studied print

Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. The Business 2.0 Upper Intermediate Unit 2 Information pg 24 ex 5 6 reading & vocab the_business_upper_intermediate_2_0_students_book_pg22-27_information_technology_the_IT_fallacy_comparative_superlative.pdf

Zoom meeting details L.Bogatyrev - Duncan Potter's Zoom Meeting Meeting ID: 589 650 112 Password: 8XUPie https://us04web.zoom.us/j/589650112 ]]> The Business Upper Intermediate 2.0 B2 Unit 2.2 Information systems and communication 8 Giving information active textbook the_business_mac_millan/the_business_upper_intermediate_2_0/the_business_upper_intermediate_2_0_audio_cd01/the_business_upper_intermediate_2_0_audio_cd01_029.ogg the_business_mac_millan/the_business_upper_intermediate_2_0/the_business_upper_intermediate_2_0_audio_cd01/the_business_upper_intermediate_2_0_audio_cd01_030.ogg the_business_mac_millan/the_business_upper_intermediate_2_0/the_business_upper_intermediate_2_0_audio_cd01/the_business_upper_intermediate_2_0_audio_cd01_031.ogg the_business_mac_millan/the_business_upper_intermediate_2_0/the_business_upper_intermediate_2_0_audio_cd01/the_business_upper_intermediate_2_0_audio_cd01_032.ogg the_business_mac_millan/the_business_upper_intermediate_2_0/the_business_upper_intermediate_2_0_audio_cd01/the_business_upper_intermediate_2_0_audio_cd01_033.ogg the_business_mac_millan/the_business_upper_intermediate_2_0/the_business_upper_intermediate_2_0_audio_cd01/the_business_upper_intermediate_2_0_audio_cd01_034.ogg the_business_mac_millan/the_business_upper_intermediate_2_0/the_business_upper_intermediate_2_0_audio_cd01/the_business_upper_intermediate_2_0_audio_cd01_035.ogg set for homework pg 25 ex 9 paraphrasing pg 25 ex 10 speaking → prioritise tasks ]]> 7 2 Prioritising tasks Prioritising tasks active pix/icons8-collaboration-100_white.png deck_shuffled_lines_halign

urgent - not important

urgent - important

not urgent - not important

not urgent - important

]]> urgent - important 1.5hr - internet connection for marketing 4hrs - web meeting for CEO 1hr - abstraction of presentation (deadline tomorrow) urgent - not important 1-2hrs - offer for 15 new laptops 30min - sound card driver (for president's nephew) not urgent - important 2-3 hrs - appointment application 30min - backup software not urgent - not important 1hr - wifi for CEO's assistant 1hr - voice recognition 2-3hrs - database vendors ]]> 6 1 Role play active role_play Recycle new expressions and language. → practise comparative & superlative forms easier than the traditional one]]> Recycle new expressions and language. You need to solve a difficult problem as soon as possible. You want to outsource a turn-key solution, or perhaps use a subscription model (Software as a Service - SaaS) ✓ + fast (it is faster than... ← comparative) ✓ troubleshoot issues + efficient ✓ marginally + expensive ✓ twice as ... as ... You need to solve a difficult problem that will impact your workflow for the next 5 years. You want to fork an open-source solution to keep control & cut costs. ✓ + cheap (it is cheaper than... ← comparative) ✓ expect + periodic updates and patches ✓ significantly + manageable ✓ the most valuable ... ✓ x times ... more than ... ✓ a lot ... than ... 5 to keep someone in the loop on sth = to keep sb informed about updates to keep sb posted = in the loop to fill sb in on sth = to give sb details on sth marginally = in a minimal degree infinitely = continuing forever without end turnkey = (especially of computer systems) complete and ready to use immediately SaaS = Software as a Service to troubleshoot = to solve problems to fork = to divide into two parts that lead in different directions 4 20260622 12:00-13:00 MSK | 11:00-12:00 CET 1 25 -25 + 150 = 125 euros active Giving information, describing better & worse solutions (1/2) Comparing solutions By the end of this session you will have studied print

Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. The Business 2.0 Upper Intermediate Unit 2 Information the_business_upper_intermediate_2_0_students_book_pg22-27_information_technology_the_IT_fallacy_comparative_superlative.pdf

T / Cl A zoom call is often marginally more effective than a phone call Is it more or less effective? ✓ only a little more marginally = expresses a small difference WhatsApp is a lot faster ♣ than texting SMS ♣ a lot faster [small | large] difference ✓ a lot faster → large difference = comparative pg 24 ex 2 language focus T / Cl Choose an adjective to describe a computer ✓ slow Choose a comparative expression from ex 2 ✓ somewhat more Compare in ex 3 a. two computers you have used → This new computer is somewhat slower than the previous one! pg 24 ex 3 vocab Lexical material: Computing terms pg 24 ex 4 vocab pg 24 ex 5 reading & vocab set for homework pg 24 ex 6 reading & vocab ]]> 2 to keep someone in the loop on sth = to keep sb informed about updates to keep sb posted = in the loop to fill sb in on sth = to give sb details on sth marginally = in a minimal degree infinitely = continuing forever without end turnkey = (especially of computer systems) complete and ready to use immediately SaaS = Software as a Service to troubleshoot = to solve problems to fork = to divide into two parts that lead in different directions 1 more easier to use ]]>